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Angkor Times
Angkor TimesExperienced
Asked: May 2, 2025In: Lifestyles

Why Are Sex Workers the Primary Victims of Digital Sexual Abuse in Cambodia?

The Alarming Rise of Non-Consensual Pornography Involving Cambodian Women. An increasing number of Cambodian women—particularly sex workers—are finding themselves victims of non-consensual pornography shared on encrypted messaging apps like Telegram. Take the story of Sreysros (not her real name), a 32-year-old massage ...Read more

The Alarming Rise of Non-Consensual Pornography Involving Cambodian Women.

An increasing number of Cambodian women—particularly sex workers—are finding themselves victims of non-consensual pornography shared on encrypted messaging apps like Telegram.

Take the story of Sreysros (not her real name), a 32-year-old massage worker in Phnom Penh. One day while preparing for lunch, her phone buzzed. It was a Telegram message from a friend—someone she had moved to the capital with three years earlier in search of work.

The Alarming Rise of Non-Consensual Pornography Involving Cambodian Women.
An illustration depicting the shame and suffering of female victims of non-consensual porn production. KT/Kieu Sothina

The video she received was only 20 seconds long, shared in a Telegram group called “Sell Khmer Video 18+.” The message read: “Leaked video! Pay $5 to join the exclusive group to see the full video.”

Sreysros was horrified. The video showed her having sex with a client.

Though it’s illegal, Sreysros occasionally provides sexual services to make ends meet. After leaving her drug-addicted husband, she became the sole provider for her two children, who are now cared for by her elderly parents. She dreams of seeing them graduate high school—something she never had the chance to do.

She suspects the video was secretly recorded, likely with a hidden camera or smartphone, during a house visit. “It made me sick,” she told Khmer Times. “I know people look down on what I do, but that doesn’t give them the right to share my private moments.”

Sreysros reached out to the group admin and asked them to remove the video. The admin agreed but revealed the video had been bought from a distributor, meaning it had likely already been seen by thousands. “I’m terrified my children—or their friends—will see it,” she said. “What will I even say to them?”

Sadly, this issue goes far beyond just sex workers. Khmer Times journalists uncovered more than 100 Telegram groups sharing locally-produced pornographic content featuring Cambodian women. One group alone, which charges $10 for access, had over 4,000 videos. Some groups even post content for free, using it to promote illegal online gambling sites or sex toys.

Many of these videos are filmed without the women’s consent. Some contain disturbing scenes, including forced sex, group acts, or footage taken through hidden cameras.

Thousands of users actively engage in these channels, often requesting new content.

Chou Bun Eng, Vice-Chair of Cambodia’s National Committee for Counter Trafficking, confirmed that these activities are illegal. But catching the perpetrators isn’t easy. “Technology is making it harder for police to trace these criminals,” she said. “They’re always one step ahead—but we remain committed to fighting them.”

She encouraged victims to report such cases to the Anti-Human Trafficking Unit or the General Department of Anti-Technology Crime.

However, sex workers remain especially vulnerable and often reluctant to seek help. According to Sok Sreyleap from the Women’s Network for Unity (WNU), many sex workers have their photos or videos taken without consent, only to later see them shared online. While WNU doesn’t intervene directly, they offer counseling and guide victims toward legal support.

“We always report these cases to relevant ministries like the Ministry of Women’s Affairs,” Sreyleap said. “At every event we host, we highlight these women’s voices and stories.”

She explained that many women are afraid to come forward because of shame or fear of exposure. “Some even lie to their families, saying they work in factories or restaurants. When something like this happens, they feel they can’t say anything.”

Cambodian law is clear: producing, possessing, or sharing pornographic material—especially involving minors—is illegal. Under the Law on the Suppression of Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation:

  • Anyone found distributing or displaying obscene images can face up to one month in prison and a fine.
  • Those who produce such content can be jailed for up to one year.
  • In cases involving children, sentences can be as high as 10 years, along with steep fines.

Despite these laws, Telegram remains a key platform for these crimes. With over 900 million global users, it has long been criticized for not doing enough to stop the spread of illegal content. Governments in Germany, India, and Indonesia have urged Telegram to take stronger action.

In response, Telegram says it has boosted its content moderation team and invested in AI tools to detect harmful content while maintaining user privacy. The platform now allows users to report accounts or groups that share illegal material, promising to delete content or ban violators when confirmed.

Even so, experts say policing such a large and encrypted network is incredibly difficult. Privacy advocates also warn that too much moderation could harm free speech if not carefully handled.

Yi Kimthan, Deputy Country Director of Plan International Cambodia, called for stronger law enforcement. “Serious action must be taken against both buyers and sellers of this content,” he said. “Authorities need to investigate and hold offenders accountable.”

The rise in non-consensual porn is a deeply troubling trend, and while technology has played a major role in spreading this content, it can also be part of the solution—if laws are enforced and platforms take meaningful action.

This story is firstly published on Khmer Times.

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Angkor Times
Angkor TimesExperienced
Asked: April 25, 2025In: Education

Can I Use Bakong QR Code Payment in Japan?

A New Chapter in Cambodia-Japan Digital Ties. In a small Tokyo café near Shibuya Crossing, a young Cambodian tourist named Dara stood in front of the cashier, pulling out his phone and opening his Bakong e-wallet. The barista smiled and pointed ...Read more

A New Chapter in Cambodia-Japan Digital Ties.

In a small Tokyo café near Shibuya Crossing, a young Cambodian tourist named Dara stood in front of the cashier, pulling out his phone and opening his Bakong e-wallet. The barista smiled and pointed to a QR code labeled “JPQR.” Without hesitation, Dara scanned it, and within seconds, the payment was confirmed. No fumbling for yen, no currency conversion fees—just a simple tap and scan. This moment, while quiet, symbolizes a transformative shift in cross-border payments, one that has just begun unfolding between Cambodia and Japan.

According to a press release published on April 25, a new initiative is underway to strengthen mutual interconnectivity between Cambodia and Japan. The collaboration between KHQR and JPQR focuses on making cross-border payments easier through QR codes and will roll out in two phases. In Phase 1, Cambodian users of the Bakong system will be able to make payments in Japan by simply scanning JPQR codes. Phase 2 will allow Japanese users to pay in Cambodia by scanning KHQR codes, creating a seamless payment experience between the two countries.

Can I Use Bakong QR Code Payment in Japan?
Can I Use Bakong QR Code Payment in Japan?

A Landmark Agreement

In 2024, the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) and Japan’s Payments Japan Association (PJA) signed a groundbreaking memorandum of understanding (MoU) that aims to interlink Cambodia’s KHQR and Japan’s JPQR systems. This initiative marks a bold step into a new era of digital finance between the two countries, fueled by mutual trust, a shared vision of financial inclusion, and the desire to simplify cross-border transactions for tourists, businesses, and investors alike.

Also read: Also read: How Many Financial Institutions Operate the Bakong System in Cambodia?

The cross-border QR payment project, a bilateral agreement formalized between the NBC and PJA, is being rolled out in two strategic phases. Phase one enables Cambodian users of the Bakong system—the country’s pioneering central bank digital payment infrastructure—to make payments in Japan using their e-wallets by simply scanning JPQR codes. Phase two, soon to follow, will allow Japanese users to scan KHQR codes and pay directly in Cambodia.

The Role of ACLEDA, Sathapana, and NETSTARS

To ensure a smooth rollout, major Cambodian banks ACLEDA Bank and Sathapana Bank have stepped in to support and sponsor this cross-border QR code payment integration with Japan. On the Japanese side, NETSTARS, a prominent fintech operator, has been appointed to manage and process QR code payments with Cambodia, ensuring compliance, security, and seamless technological synchronization between both countries’ systems.

The significance of this partnership cannot be overstated. According to the NBC, “This initiative will support and promote digital payments, enhancing transaction security and facilitating seamless cross-border payments, thereby stimulating tourism and reducing the need for currency exchange during visits to either country.”

For many Cambodians like Dara, who travel to Japan for tourism, study, or business, the ability to use the Bakong QR code system in Japan brings a level of convenience and peace of mind previously unavailable.

What is Bakong?

For those unfamiliar, Bakong is Cambodia’s flagship blockchain-based digital payment system launched by the National Bank of Cambodia in 2020. Unlike decentralized cryptocurrencies, Bakong is a regulated platform designed to work alongside the country’s fiat currency, the riel, and U.S. dollar.

Bakong enables users to perform a variety of financial functions—from person-to-person transfers and mobile top-ups to merchant payments—all through a unified QR code standard, KHQR. Its design promotes interoperability among banks and e-wallets across Cambodia and aims to foster financial inclusion, particularly in rural areas.

Also read: What is Cambodia’s National AI Strategy? Why Does It Matter for Your Business?

By bringing this innovation to Japan, Bakong is not only exporting Cambodia’s financial technology but also proving that even a small nation can lead the way in digital payment modernization.

Why Does This Matter?

Japan is a favorite destination for Cambodians. In recent years, more Cambodian students, tourists, and workers have ventured into Japan, drawn by its rich culture, advanced infrastructure, and expanding employment opportunities. However, one hurdle has remained—the inconvenience and cost of currency exchange and traditional bank card usage abroad.

This new QR payment system resolves that.

It ensures that Cambodian visitors can now spend in Japan without the need to carry large amounts of cash or worry about international transaction fees. And vice versa, once phase two is implemented, Japanese tourists in Cambodia—many of whom already frequent Angkor Wat and the beaches of Sihanoukville—can enjoy the same ease when paying for services, food, or souvenirs.

Moreover, the interconnection will have broader implications:

  • Boost to tourism: With simplified payments, more tourists from both countries will feel confident about traveling and spending.
  • Trade stimulation: Cambodian and Japanese small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can receive payments instantly and securely.
  • Encouraging digital economies: Both countries are moving toward cashless societies. This partnership accelerates that trend.

A History of Trust and Growth

Japan has been a committed partner in Cambodia’s development journey since the early 1990s. It has supported infrastructure development, education, governance, and humanitarian efforts. As diplomatic ties matured, trade and investment followed.

In 2017, the total trade volume between Cambodia and Japan stood at $1.4 billion. By 2024, that number had surged to $2.2 billion, a testament to growing mutual economic reliance. Japanese companies have invested in Cambodia’s manufacturing, agriculture, and increasingly, in digital innovation and fintech.

Also read: How Many Financial Institutions Operate the Bakong System in Cambodia?

During former Prime Minister Kishida Fumio’s visit to Cambodia in December 2023, the groundwork for this cross-border payment system was laid through a memorandum of cooperation between the National Bank of Cambodia and Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). This cooperation was not just symbolic—it was strategic, demonstrating how financial interoperability can be a cornerstone of modern diplomacy.

Real-Life Impact: From Tokyo to Phnom Penh

Back in Phnom Penh, Japanese entrepreneur Haruki Tanaka, who runs a chain of Japanese ramen shops, is optimistic about the upcoming phase two.

“I look forward to the day when Japanese tourists can use their phones to scan KHQR and pay for their meals here. It removes one barrier. It creates a sense of familiarity for Japanese travelers, and for us business owners, it means easier, faster transactions,” he shared.

Similarly, Cambodian overseas students studying in Osaka have welcomed the news. Sophary, a 22-year-old on a scholarship at Kansai University, explained: “I use Bakong back home all the time. The fact that I can now use it here for daily spending is a game-changer. My parents can top up my wallet from Cambodia, and I can use it right away.”

This is more than a fintech success story—it’s a human story. One where culture, education, business, and technology converge for the greater good.

The Road Ahead

While phase one is already rolling out in Japan, the timeline for phase two implementation—enabling Japanese users to pay in Cambodia using JPQR—is expected by late 2025. Key technical alignments, regulatory frameworks, and security protocols are being finalized.

However, stakeholders on both sides remain committed. As interoperability expands, this system could potentially be adopted by more countries in the ASEAN region and beyond.

Moreover, experts see the potential for the QR code system to extend into remittances, further simplifying how Cambodian workers abroad send money home—an essential economic function for the country.

A Win-Win Digital Milestone

So, can you use Bakong QR code payment in Japan?

Yes, you can—and that’s only the beginning.

The Cambodia-Japan cross-border QR payment system is more than just a convenience; it represents a broader vision where digital payments are borderless, secure, and inclusive. It proves that through thoughtful cooperation, even nations of vastly different sizes and economies can craft solutions that empower people, encourage travel, and support businesses.

As this digital bridge continues to grow, it’s not just money that moves more freely—it’s trust, opportunity, and a shared future.

📢 Have you ever used QR code payments abroad? What do you think about Bakong working in Japan? Share your thoughts in the comments below.

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Angkor Times
Angkor TimesExperienced
Asked: April 24, 2025In: AI, Business Policies, Make Money, Technology

What is Cambodia’s National AI Strategy? Why Does It Matter for Your Business?

Cambodia’s National AI Strategy: Charting a Smart and Inclusive Future Cambodia is stepping into the era of artificial intelligence with a well-calibrated and forward-thinking approach. As part of its broader digital transformation agenda, the country is crafting a National Artificial ...Read more

Cambodia’s National AI Strategy: Charting a Smart and Inclusive Future

Cambodia is stepping into the era of artificial intelligence with a well-calibrated and forward-thinking approach. As part of its broader digital transformation agenda, the country is crafting a National Artificial Intelligence Strategy, a landmark initiative led by the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (MPTC) with the guidance and support of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN-ESCAP). This blog explores the goals, process, and future outlook of this strategy and how it aligns with Cambodia’s national digital development framework, including the recently launched Strategy on the Development of Electronic Services for Business 2025–2028.

Cambodia’s National AI Strategy
Cambodia’s National AI Strategy

Developing the National AI Strategy: A Strategic Vision for Cambodia

Collaborative Foundations

The journey to draft Cambodia’s National Artificial Intelligence Strategy began over a year ago, marked by a series of 12 internal meetings within the MPTC. The culmination of these efforts was recently showcased during a pivotal workshop attended by key national and international figures. The workshop was presided over by Keo Sothie, Secretary of State of the MPTC, and graced by Tiziana Bonapace, Director of the ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division at UN-ESCAP.

This event was more than a meeting of minds—it represented the backbone of Cambodia’s policy formulation process in AI. The collaborative workshop included not only MPTC officials and UN-ESCAP experts but also international consultants and policymakers. This diversity ensured that the draft strategy was not only informed by local priorities but also aligned with regional and global trends.

Purpose and Methodology

The MPTC described the purpose of the strategy development as follows:

“This process aimed to ensure the strategy is well-refined, consistent with the national policy agenda, and aligned with the regional and international trends.”

Through deep discussions, the participants explored various elements of the draft strategy, such as its vision, AI ecosystem, strategic priorities, and implementation mechanisms. The holistic approach underscores Cambodia’s ambition to become not just a user of AI technology, but a thoughtful and ethical leader in its regional AI landscape.

Aligning AI with National Development

Integrating AI into the National Policy Agenda

The core objective of Cambodia’s AI strategy is to maximize the benefits of AI while minimizing its potential risks, thus supporting both economic and social advancement. As Cambodia gears up for an increasingly digitized future, AI is seen as a critical enabler for everything from education and healthcare to governance and business.

According to the ministry’s press release,

“The overarching goal is to maximize the benefits and minimize the negative impacts of AI, thereby contributing to Cambodia’s economic and social development.”

This reflects a deep understanding that AI, if deployed inclusively and responsibly, can serve as a powerful lever for national transformation.

Support from the United Nations and Global Experts

UN-ESCAP’s Role and Endorsement

UN-ESCAP has been an instrumental partner in shaping Cambodia’s AI future. During her visit, Tiziana Bonapace reaffirmed the commitment of the international body, stating her appreciation for the ongoing collaboration.
She emphasized:

“The strong support from UN-ESCAP’s leadership for the development of the draft National AI Strategy, with MPTC serving as the lead ministry in this effort.”

Her remarks reflect the international recognition of Cambodia’s initiative, further legitimizing the strategy as a model of inclusive and participatory policy-making.

Nationwide Consultation and Refinement

The draft AI strategy has already undergone two rounds of technical consultation with UN-ESCAP experts and has been refined into a second version. The next critical stage includes further consultations with ministries, institutions, higher education sectors, and all relevant stakeholders in May. A national-level workshop scheduled for June will provide the final platform for consensus and endorsement.

The ministry has issued a call to action for broader participation:

“Experts, private sector, academic and research institutions, or development partners who are interested in participating in the development process of this national strategy” are invited to contribute.

This inclusivity ensures the strategy will be resilient, equitable, and practical in its application.

AI as Part of a Bigger Digital Puzzle

Synergy with the Strategy on the Development of Electronic Services for Business 2025–2028

Cambodia’s focus on artificial intelligence doesn’t exist in isolation. It’s part of a broader effort to transform the country into a digital economy powerhouse. On this front, the Ministry of Economy and Finance recently launched the Strategy on the Development of Electronic Services for Business 2025–2028—a digital leap forward for Cambodia’s business environment.

Aun Pornmoniroth, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Economy and Finance, and Chairman of the Digital Economy and Business Committee
Aun Pornmoniroth, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Economy and Finance, and Chairman of the Digital Economy and Business Committee

Speaking at the launch, Deputy Prime Minister Aun Pornmoniroth emphasized:

“Digital technology—particularly recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI)—has become an essential part of everyday life, education, business, and public service delivery.”

He noted that the digital revolution is no longer optional; it is a fundamental catalyst for economic growth, innovation, and public service transformation.

Goals and Framework

This new business strategy aims to streamline the delivery of public services by digitizing up to 80 percent of high-demand, low-complexity services by 2028. The initiative is governed by three major coordinating bodies:

  • The Digital Economy and Business Committee
  • The Digital Government Committee
  • The Public Administration Reform Committee

This approach ensures a unified digital ecosystem aligned with Cambodia’s Pentagonal Strategy – Phase 1, Cambodia Digital Economy and Society Policy Framework 2021–2035, and Cambodia Digital Government Policy 2022–2035.

The Role of AI in Transforming Governance and Business

Enhancing Efficiency and Competitiveness

In the private sector, AI and digital technologies are already raising the bar for operational efficiency and market competitiveness. Companies are leveraging AI to reduce costs, streamline operations, and improve customer engagement.

Meanwhile, in the public sector, AI-driven systems promise to reduce bureaucracy, enhance regulatory compliance, and improve service delivery. These developments not only benefit citizens and investors but also build trust in digital governance.

Aun Pornmoniroth highlighted:

“This strategy represents a deep reform of public service delivery for businesses. It focuses on reviewing and adjusting service fees and eliminating or consolidating low-value or overlapping procedures.”

This digital-first approach makes it clear that Cambodia is committed to leveraging AI and technology to build a robust, transparent, and responsive governance system.

National Unity and Political Willpower Behind AI Strategy

Deputy Prime Minister Hun Many captured the significance of these digital reforms by stating:

“The launch of the Strategy on the Development of Electronic Services for Business 2025–2028 represents an important step toward modernizing Cambodia’s public administration.”

He emphasized that this modernization is not just about efficiency, but also about intelligence and transparency—a foundation for building a smart nation. It reflects the political will at the highest levels to push AI and digital technology into the mainstream of Cambodia’s development trajectory.

A Data Point of Progress: Online Business Registration

One of the more tangible indicators of Cambodia’s digital progress is the success of the Online Business Registration (OBR) system. As of December 2024,

  • Over 42,000 enterprises had registered,
  • With a total investment of $15.6 billion.

This signals a growing trust and adoption of digital platforms by Cambodian entrepreneurs and foreign investors alike. AI, integrated into such systems, can further improve accuracy, speed, and user experience.

Looking Ahead: Cambodia’s Smart and Inclusive AI Future

Cambodia’s journey toward becoming an AI-empowered nation is well underway. With strategic leadership from MPTC, strong international partnerships, and a comprehensive digital agenda, the country is positioning itself to harness AI responsibly and inclusively.

The development of the National AI Strategy is not just a policy document—it’s a commitment to the future, a roadmap that ensures Cambodia doesn’t get left behind in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

The approach is bold but balanced—blending technological ambition with ethical oversight, and national sovereignty with international collaboration.

A National Strategy Rooted in Inclusivity, Innovation, and Impact

Cambodia’s AI strategy reflects a nation preparing not only for economic transformation but for a more inclusive, intelligent, and resilient society. With AI expected to redefine education, healthcare, agriculture, and governance, this strategy lays a vital foundation for future prosperity.

As Tiziana Bonapace aptly recognized,

“The strong support from UN-ESCAP’s leadership for the development of the draft National AI Strategy” is a vote of confidence in Cambodia’s potential to lead responsibly in the AI space.

This is a defining moment for Cambodia—a time to innovate, to collaborate, and to inspire. Stakeholders from all sectors—government, academia, business, and civil society—are encouraged to join this exciting journey and help shape an AI strategy that reflects the hopes and needs of the Cambodian people.

Are you ready to be part of Cambodia’s AI-powered future? Share your thoughts and ideas about how AI can transform Cambodia in the comments below!

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Asked: April 23, 2025In: Business Policies

What Is the National Single Window System, and How Can It Streamline Trade Procedures in Cambodia?

On a humid Monday morning in Phnom Penh, while the city pulsed with its usual rhythm of scooters and street vendors, a quiet but significant transformation took place in Cambodia’s digital governance landscape. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) enacted ...Read more

On a humid Monday morning in Phnom Penh, while the city pulsed with its usual rhythm of scooters and street vendors, a quiet but significant transformation took place in Cambodia’s digital governance landscape. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) enacted a sub-decree designed to change the way businesses interact with bureaucracy—especially when it comes to trade.

This transformation comes through a streamlined, tech-driven approach: the National Single Window (NSW) system, an integrated electronic platform that promises to improve efficiency, transparency, and ease of doing business across Cambodia’s trade sector.

Cambodia's National Single Window
Cambodia’s National Single Window

This is not just another policy. This is a bold leap toward digital integration and regional competitiveness.

The Road to Reform: A Government Initiative

The NSW system’s launch was initiated by Aun Pornmoniroth, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy and Finance (MEF), who also chairs the Steering Committee of the NSW Project. The sub-decree, signed by Prime Minister Hun Manet on April 10, 2024, lays the legal groundwork for this ambitious system.

Also read: Cambodia’s E-Commerce Surge: A 2025 Snapshot for Business Leaders

“The National Single Window system is our gateway to a more competitive and transparent Cambodia,” said Deputy Prime Minister Aun Pornmoniroth. “It brings together government institutions, businesses, and technology in one digital ecosystem designed to facilitate trade and support economic growth.”

The newly issued sub-decree consists of seven chapters and 19 articles, each meticulously crafted to ensure that digital transformation is not just an aspiration, but an operational reality.

What Exactly Is the National Single Window?

The term “National Single Window” may sound bureaucratic, but its purpose is deeply practical. Simply put, the NSW is a centralized online platform that allows businesses to submit and receive all the necessary documents for trade—licenses, permits, certificates, and authorizations—through one portal: http://www.nsw.gov.kh.

Instead of bouncing from one ministry to another, waiting in line, submitting hard copies, and facing the risk of delay or corruption, businesses can now engage with all relevant authorities electronically and simultaneously.

“Think of it as a digital bridge between the private sector and government agencies,” explained Anthony Galliano, Group CEO of Cambodian Investment Management Holdings and Vice-President of the American Chamber of Commerce in Cambodia. “The NSW eliminates redundancy and reduces delays by creating a single point of contact for all trade-related documents.”

Categories Covered by the NSW

The sub-decree applies to four major categories of goods crossing Cambodia’s borders:

  1. Prohibited and restricted goods as outlined by Free Trade Agreements (FTAs).
  2. Items governed by international conventions or other special regulations (e.g., metal products, duty-free mall items).
  3. Goods exempted from duties or taxes under investment projects or those imported by ministries, embassies, and international organizations.
  4. Goods generally exempted under Cambodia’s laws and regulations.

In each of these categories, businesses must now interact with ministries and institutions via the NSW system. This digital shift ensures that document approval processes are streamlined, monitored, and conducted within legally binding frameworks.

A User-Centric Approach to Government Service

From traders to customs brokers, and from ministry officials to consular staff, everyone who plays a role in the export, import, or transit of goods can now log in to the system.

“By allowing a wide range of users—from business owners to diplomats—to access the same platform, we’re democratizing access to government services and minimizing the friction points in international trade,” Galliano noted.

According to Article 5 of the sub-decree, all relevant ministries must now issue their trade-related licenses and permits through the NSW and define standard operating procedures for doing so. Article 7 outlines who can access the system, including:

  • Business owners and logistics providers
  • Customs and government officials
  • Representatives from embassies and international organizations

Digital Infrastructure and Data Interoperability

The NSW does more than digitize paper—it connects databases and facilitates data exchange between government bodies.

“Under this framework, electronic data such as numbers, symbols, messages, and even multimedia files can be stored, retrieved, and shared,” said a spokesperson from the Steering Committee of the NSW Project. “This ensures better traceability and transparency.”

In other words, the NSW isn’t just a web form. It’s a living, integrated data network built to make trade procedures faster and smarter.

Customs Clearance in Minutes, Not Days

One of the biggest advantages of the NSW is the acceleration of customs procedures. Traditionally, customs clearance in Cambodia could take several days, especially when documents needed to be verified across multiple ministries.

Also read: Why Are These 7 Hidden Gems in Cambodia a Goldmine for Business?

Now, with all necessary information digitally submitted and approved, that waiting period could shrink dramatically.

“With the National Single Window, we’re entering a new era where goods move not only faster but with less paperwork and more accountability,” said Sophal Chan, a Phnom Penh-based logistics consultant. “This gives Cambodian SMEs a real edge when competing regionally.”

Economic Growth Through Efficiency

Streamlining trade isn’t just about convenience—it’s a growth engine. In Cambodia, where the private sector plays a pivotal role in driving economic expansion, delays in import-export logistics can cost businesses dearly.

A McKinsey Global Institute study found that improving border administration and reducing supply chain inefficiencies can increase a country’s GDP by 4.7% on average.

“When Cambodia digitizes trade through the NSW, it’s not just cutting red tape,” Galliano emphasized. “It’s enabling investment, job creation, and economic resilience.”

ASEAN Integration and Global Standards

The NSW system also aligns Cambodia with broader regional trade initiatives. ASEAN countries have committed to harmonizing trade procedures through a regional ASEAN Single Window (ASW), and Cambodia’s adoption of the NSW is a stepping stone to full integration.

“This platform allows Cambodia to speak the same digital language as its regional neighbors,” said Sokun Nara, a trade expert at a Phnom Penh-based think tank. “It strengthens our compliance with WTO and ASEAN obligations and enhances trust among trading partners.”

Challenges Ahead: From Paper to Pixels

Of course, digital transitions aren’t without friction. Some rural businesses may still lack the digital literacy or internet access required to use the NSW effectively. Others may face initial setbacks as ministries transition from analog systems to digital platforms.

“The change won’t happen overnight,” admitted Chan Sophal. “But what’s important is that the direction is clear and the commitment is strong.”

To ensure smooth onboarding, the Steering Committee has pledged to run capacity-building programs and digital literacy workshops across key provinces.

Data Protection and Cybersecurity

With more data flowing through digital pipes, cybersecurity becomes paramount. The NSW system has been developed with encryption and data protection protocols to comply with Cambodia’s cybersecurity laws.

“Data integrity is essential in any electronic trade platform,” said an ICT officer from the General Department of Customs and Excise. “We’ve embedded multiple layers of authentication and system monitoring to ensure security and prevent fraud.”

Public-Private Partnership: A Key Success Factor

What makes the NSW system particularly promising is its foundation on collaboration between the government and private sector stakeholders.

Galliano underscored this point: “The fact that business voices have been included in the Steering Committee’s consultations means that the system is designed not just for policy compliance but for real-world practicality.”

The Future Is Digital—and Inclusive

Looking ahead, the NSW could evolve to include AI-driven predictive analytics, blockchain for tamper-proof documentation, and integration with banking systems for real-time duty payments.

“The NSW is just the first chapter in Cambodia’s digital trade revolution,” Aun Pornmoniroth declared. “We envision a system that evolves with our economy and keeps us competitive in an ever-changing global marketplace.”

A National Leap Forward

From portside warehouses in Sihanoukville to rice exporters in Battambang, the impact of the National Single Window will ripple across every corner of the country.

Also read: Will Property Prices Around Techo International Airport Skyrocket? Find Out Now!

Cambodia is no stranger to transformation—from rebuilding after conflict to becoming one of Southeast Asia’s fastest-growing economies. With the National Single Window, the Kingdom is taking another vital step: embracing a digital future that empowers businesses, attracts investment, and places Cambodia squarely on the map of modern trade nations.

As Anthony Galliano aptly put it:

“The National Single Window isn’t just a software platform. It’s Cambodia’s gateway to the world.

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Asked: April 21, 2025In: Lifestyles

What Happens If a Railway ​​Link Connects Cambodia Directly to China?

The possibility of a railway link directly connecting Cambodia to China has sparked widespread interest across Southeast Asia, with experts, policymakers, and regional stakeholders viewing it as a transformative infrastructure project. Recently, Chinese Ambassador to Cambodia Wang Wenbin ...Read more

The possibility of a railway link directly connecting Cambodia to China has sparked widespread interest across Southeast Asia, with experts, policymakers, and regional stakeholders viewing it as a transformative infrastructure project. Recently, Chinese Ambassador to Cambodia Wang Wenbin confirmed that discussions are ongoing to realize this ambitious vision. If completed, this cross-border railway would usher in a new era of connectivity, revolutionizing logistics, travel, tourism, and economic growth—not only between China and Cambodia but also across the entire ASEAN region.

Xi’s visit puts Cambodia’s $4B railway project back in spotlight

  1. Xi Jinping’s Visit Revives Railway Hopes: Chinese President Xi Jinping’s state visit to Cambodia has reignited discussions and hopes surrounding a $4 billion high-speed railway project in Cambodia.
  2. China Reaffirms Commitment: Chinese Ambassador Wang Wenbin confirmed ongoing productive discussions with the Cambodian government and emphasized China’s strong interest in expanding railway cooperation.
  3. Regional Connectivity in Focus: China views the project as crucial for improving regional transportation efficiency, strengthening trade, and fostering people-to-people ties.
  4. Cambodia-China Railway Under Discussion: Talks are ongoing regarding the logistics and route of the Cambodia-China railway link, aiming to optimize trade routes and transportation networks.
  5. ‘Diamond Cooperation’ More Than Symbolic: Policy analyst Seun Sam highlighted that Xi’s visit and continued support reflect the deep strategic ties, referring to the relationship as “Steel Friends” and “Diamond Cooperation.”
  6. Lao-China Railway as a Model: Laos’ successful high-speed railway with China serves as a blueprint for Cambodia, showing that even smaller economies can benefit significantly from such infrastructure.
  7. Strategic Importance: Cambodia’s location, bordering Vietnam and Laos, makes it an ideal candidate for improved domestic rail and enhanced regional connectivity.
  8. Need for Planning and Investment: Experts stress the importance of a solid master plan, effective negotiations, and substantial investment to realize the railway project.
  9. No Formal Agreements Yet: While no concrete agreements were signed during Xi’s visit, the discussions represent a significant step forward in advancing the railway vision.
  10. Historical Context: In early 2023, former Prime Minister Hun Sen had already requested financial backing from China for the same $4 billion high-speed railway project, linking Phnom Penh to key economic zones.

Cambodia-China Railway
What Happens If a Railway ​​Link Connects Cambodia Directly to China?

In this story, we will explore the far-reaching implications of such a project, analyzing the potential benefits in three major areas: logistics and trade, tourism and travel, and broader economic growth. We will also discuss how this development could position Cambodia as a vital hub linking Asia to the Southeast Pacific region.

1. Enhanced Logistics and Trade Efficiency

One of the most immediate and impactful benefits of a direct railway connection between Cambodia and China would be a significant boost in logistics and cross-border trade. Cambodia currently relies heavily on maritime and road transport for its exports and imports. While these methods are functional, they are susceptible to delays, congestion, high costs, and inefficiencies.

A railway link would serve as a cost-effective, faster, and more reliable transportation alternative. Goods transported via rail typically enjoy lower freight charges per ton compared to road transport and are more environmentally friendly. This aligns with China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which emphasizes infrastructure connectivity as a pillar of sustainable regional development.

Reduced Transit Time
Currently, transporting goods from Cambodia to China by road or sea can take several days to weeks, depending on logistics networks and border controls. A direct railway would slash this time dramatically—bringing perishables, textiles, electronics, and agricultural goods to market faster. In return, Cambodian industries could benefit from timely access to Chinese raw materials, machinery, and technologies.

Also read: Who are the Richest Persons in Cambodia?

Regional Trade Integration
This rail network could integrate seamlessly with existing Pan-Asian railway projects, linking China to ASEAN countries such as Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Cambodia’s strategic location makes it an ideal junction for trans-ASEAN commerce, enabling goods to move from inland Chinese provinces through Cambodia and onward to key ports like Sihanoukville or Bangkok.

Customs and Border Management Innovation
With increased railway freight volume, border management systems would also evolve. Automation, digital customs clearance, and real-time tracking would be implemented to streamline processes, increasing trust among trading partners and reducing the scope for corruption or smuggling.

2. A Tourism Transformation: Opening the Gateway Between Cultures

The tourism sector is another major area where a China–Cambodia railway connection could produce dramatic change. Both countries boast rich cultural heritage sites, with Cambodia’s Angkor Wat and China’s Great Wall drawing millions of tourists annually.

Increased Tourist Flow
A high-speed railway could make travel between the two nations seamless. Chinese tourists—already one of the largest visiting groups to Cambodia—would find it more convenient and affordable to explore Cambodia’s temples, beaches, and vibrant cities. Meanwhile, Cambodian tourists, students, and businesspeople could access China more easily, fostering two-way cultural exchange.

Tourism Expansion to Secondary Cities
With railway stations possibly located in Kampong Thom, Siem Reap, and Bavet, tourism growth would not be limited to Phnom Penh. These secondary cities would become accessible destinations, encouraging infrastructure development, hotel investments, and local job creation. Siem Reap, in particular, could benefit immensely with improved connections from the Siem Reap International Airport to the city center and eventually to China.

Also read: Will Property Prices Around Techo International Airport Skyrocket? Find Out Now!

Multi-Country Travel Packages
Travel agencies could offer combined itineraries across Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and China—facilitated by the interconnected railway system. This would diversify tourist experiences and increase the length of stay and spending per visitor.

3. Economic Growth and Industrial Development

From an economic perspective, the railway project could be a cornerstone of Cambodia’s ambition to elevate its development status. With the country aiming to achieve upper middle-income status by 2030 and high-income status by 2050, infrastructure will be a key enabler.

Stimulus for Industrial Zones and Manufacturing
The railway would enable the development of new industrial zones along its route, particularly near Bavet, Phnom Penh, and Poipet. These areas could serve as logistics parks, export processing zones, or even green manufacturing hubs—attracting Chinese and international companies looking for cost-effective production bases with good infrastructure.

Boost to Construction and Real Estate
Railway infrastructure always brings real estate and construction booms in nearby areas. Commercial centers, residential zones, warehouses, and retail outlets would spring up around railway stations, especially in provincial areas. This could also reduce urban pressure on Phnom Penh by decentralizing growth.

Strengthening Agricultural Exports
Cambodia’s agricultural sector—rice, mangoes, cashews, and pepper—could find easier access to China’s massive consumer market via refrigerated rail transport. China’s rising demand for organic and tropical products matches Cambodia’s agricultural profile. The railway could become a lifeline for rural farmers looking to scale production and tap into new markets.

4. Cambodia: A Travel and Business Hub for Asia and the Southeast Pacific

With a direct railway to China, Cambodia is poised to elevate its geostrategic and economic importance in the region. Already situated between Thailand and Vietnam, and with increasing connectivity to Laos and soon to southern China, Cambodia is becoming the physical and economic gateway between Asia and the Southeast Pacific.

Techo International Airport Connectivity
One of Cambodia’s key infrastructure projects—Techo International Airport—is planned to be connected to Phnom Penh by a new railway line under its medium-term plan (2023–2027). This will facilitate faster international travel and enhance air-rail transport logistics. If combined with the China-Cambodia railway, this creates a seamless multimodal transport hub.

Also read: Why Are These 7 Hidden Gems in Cambodia a Goldmine for Business?

Strategic Link to the Indo-Pacific Corridor
Cambodia’s positioning could serve as a critical node in the broader Indo-Pacific Economic Corridor. With port access to the Gulf of Thailand and now a rail link to China, Cambodia could offer unparalleled access for goods moving between East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific region.

Business Center for Regional Investment
A well-connected Cambodia could attract foreign investment in finance, real estate, logistics, and IT services. As logistics costs fall and connectivity improves, Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville could become attractive alternatives to Bangkok or Ho Chi Minh City for setting up regional offices or tech startups.

Digital Economy and Innovation Spillover
A connected infrastructure stimulates the digital economy. China’s expertise in fintech, smart cities, and e-commerce could find opportunities in Cambodia, accelerating the country’s transition to a knowledge-based economy.

5. The Road Ahead: Strategic Plans and Regional Cooperation

According to Cambodia’s Minister of Public Works and Transport Peng Ponea, the government is actively working to upgrade its current railway systems and expand connectivity through both medium- and long-term development plans. These include modernizing existing lines (Phnom Penh–Sihanoukville, Phnom Penh–Poipet), constructing urban links to airports, and developing high-speed routes to Bavet (Vietnam border) and Siem Reap.

If a railway to China is realized, it is likely to pass through Laos—home to the already completed China–Laos Railway, which has proven successful in linking Vientiane to Kunming. Cambodia could plug into this network, enabling a near-continuous rail route from Sihanoukville to Beijing. Alternatively, new corridors could be explored via Vietnam or even through regional cooperation with Thailand and Myanmar.

Regional and trilateral cooperation (e.g., China–Laos–Cambodia or China–Vietnam–Cambodia) will be vital in terms of investment, construction standards, environmental impact mitigation, and political coordination. Cambodia has shown that it is ready—with strategic plans, political will, and the support of development partners like China.

A New Chapter for Regional Connectivity

The idea of a direct railway link between Cambodia and China is more than a physical connection—it’s a symbol of shared development goals, regional integration, and mutual prosperity. Such a project has the potential to revolutionize Cambodia’s economy by supercharging its logistics, boosting tourism, and elevating the country’s global economic standing.

Also read: What are the best businesses to start in Cambodia?

With careful planning, stakeholder collaboration, and sustainable practices, Cambodia can leverage this railway to become a thriving travel and business hub for Asia and the Southeast Pacific. As discussions between China and Cambodia progress, one thing is clear: this is a transformative moment in Cambodia’s journey to becoming a regional powerhouse.

What Do You Think?
Do you believe a direct railway connection between Cambodia and China will transform the region? What opportunities or challenges do you foresee? Join the conversation and share your thoughts in the comments below!

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