“Cambodia’s Institutional Investment Awakening: Building Trust, Depth, and Vision for a Financial Future”.

Cambodia stands at a critical crossroads in its financial evolution. For a nation that has achieved remarkable economic growth over the past two decades—averaging around 7% GDP growth annually before the pandemic—its capital markets remain surprisingly shallow. This is not merely a statistic on a quarterly report; it’s a reflection of a broader opportunity waiting to be unlocked.

Cambodia’s capital market, anchored by the Cambodia Securities Exchange (CSX), is undeniably small. But the optimism in the country’s boardrooms, policy circles, and even among emerging classes of investors paints a different story. They see potential. They see the early stages of a market that—with patience, trust, and strategic effort—could one day stand alongside regional peers as a credible destination for long-term institutional capital.

At a turning point: The Prime Minister’s challenge

Prime Minister Hun Manet recently crystallized this moment of reckoning when he urged Cambodia’s private sector to become more engaged with the capital market. His remarks were candid:

“Private sectors have tonnes of money, but there’s no guided way to enter the market.”

In many ways, this is the heart of the issue. Cambodia’s capital market has arrived at an inflection point, but a chronic shortage of institutional investors—both local pension and insurance funds and international asset managers—continues to limit its growth.

It’s a structural gap that goes beyond daily trading figures or index levels. Without the stabilizing presence of long-term institutional capital, markets often become dominated by short-term retail traders, prone to speculation and vulnerability during times of stress. In Cambodia’s case, the data starkly reinforces this concern.

As of the first quarter of 2025, institutional investors accounted for a mere 0.09% of total trading activity on the CSX, according to the latest securities trading bulletin by the Securities and Exchange Regulator of Cambodia (SERC). That figure is startlingly low by any international comparison. Even more troubling, international institutional capital is virtually absent.

While some progress has been made—evidenced by modest institutional stakes in four listed companies (PWSA, PPAP, ABC, and DBDE)—the overall landscape remains thin. The CSX index itself tells a story of investor caution, having declined over 30% from its 2021 peak, dragged down in large part by the share price of Acleda Bank (ABC), which has lost over 50% since its IPO.

What’s behind the lack of institutional interest?

These statistics do not simply reflect short-term sentiment or temporary macro headwinds. They expose deeper, systemic issues that must be addressed if Cambodia is to unlock the next chapter in its financial story.

1. Market scale: too small to absorb meaningful flows

By far the most cited challenge is market depth. With only 11 listed companies and average daily turnover hovering between USD 100,000 to 500,000, the CSX simply doesn’t have the capacity to handle meaningful institutional flows.

Andrew Sullivan, Director of Investor Relationships at Royal Group Funds, captures this bluntly:

“Most institutional funds start positions in the range of USD 5 to 10 million. A market trading a few hundred thousand dollars a day can’t realistically accommodate that. You’ll move the price just by showing up.”

This is why major global investment houses—names like BlackRock, Vanguard, UBS O’Connor, Janus Henderson, TT International, and Baillie Gifford—have all established significant positions across Vietnam and Thailand, but largely overlooked Cambodia.

2. Governance and transparency: essential for credibility

But it’s not just about size. Institutional investors, especially those managing pensions, sovereign wealth, or mutual funds, require a level of corporate governance and regulatory predictability that protects their long-term horizons.

Sullivan elaborates:

“International capital needs more than procedural compliance. It needs real transparency, credible corporate reporting, and regulators who ensure markets are fair and efficient. Otherwise, the risks outweigh the opportunity.”

Opaque ownership structures, undisclosed related-party transactions, and inconsistent financial disclosures remain concerns that deter many foreign funds. These are not unique to Cambodia—most emerging markets grapple with them—but they are magnified in smaller markets where a single scandal can scare off capital for years.

A global backdrop: opportunity or risk?

Meanwhile, on the global stage, market conditions are slowly aligning in ways that could benefit emerging markets—if they are ready.

The U.S. Federal Reserve, under Chair Jerome Powell, kept interest rates steady at the June 2025 meeting, maintaining a range of 4.25% to 4.50%, despite mounting political pressure from President Trump for aggressive cuts to stimulate growth. However, consensus in global markets anticipates that a rate cut might materialize by the September FOMC meeting.

If that happens, the world could see renewed appetite for risk assets, with capital flowing out of low-yielding developed market bonds into higher-return opportunities across Asia-Pacific.

Countries like Vietnam and Thailand, with more mature markets, are already positioning themselves for such flows. Cambodia, lacking depth and the robust institutional architecture to absorb large sums, may find itself on the sidelines, watching as billions bypass its borders for more liquid, familiar territories.

Strengthening domestic institutions: a homegrown solution

Given these challenges, where should Cambodia focus?

The answer, most experts argue, lies in cultivating domestic institutional investors. Pension funds, insurance companies, endowments, and even large family offices have the capital, incentive, and local familiarity needed to serve as the foundational bedrock of the market.

Their participation would bring several benefits:

• Market stability: Unlike retail investors who often chase momentum, institutions take longer-term positions, smoothing volatility.
• Better governance: Institutional shareholders typically demand higher standards of disclosure and corporate governance.
• Signaling effect: A visible domestic institutional base increases market credibility, encouraging more listings and ultimately drawing in foreign funds.

Sullivan points out another crucial angle:

“Even if local institutions don’t have the scale or global expertise yet, they can build it. One practical step is regulated access to offshore markets. By investing abroad under strict guidelines, they learn risk management, portfolio construction, and governance expectations.”

Such cross-border investment not only diversifies Cambodia’s financial exposure but also builds technical capacity that will be critical when managing larger allocations domestically.

Governance as the cornerstone

None of this works without a firm commitment to transparent governance. The lesson from nearly every emerging market is clear: investment begets governance, which then attracts further investment in a virtuous cycle.

Countries like Thailand and Vietnam didn’t reach their current capital market scale overnight. It took decades of regulatory reforms, consistent enforcement, investor education programs, and gradual deepening of the ecosystem—brokerages, analysts, auditors, and a culture of stewardship.

Cambodia has made strides. The SERC has implemented clearer listing rules, pushed for better quarterly disclosures, and started financial literacy campaigns. But to truly win institutional trust, these efforts must be relentless and coupled with decisive enforcement against malpractice.

Looking ahead: the vision for Cambodia’s capital market

Imagine a Cambodia in 2035. Its CSX lists 50+ companies, with sectors ranging from manufacturing to agribusiness, green energy, and tech. Pension and insurance funds allocate a healthy percentage of their portfolios to domestic equities, serving as anchor investors. Foreign managers look at Cambodia not as an exotic frontier market but as an integral piece of their ASEAN strategy.

This isn’t a fantasy. But it requires coordinated action today:

– Policy continuity and regulatory support:

Markets thrive on predictability. Investors—domestic and foreign—need assurance that the rules of the game will remain stable over years, not just months.

– Deeper product offerings:

Beyond equities, Cambodia’s market could explore corporate bonds, REITs (real estate investment trusts), and even green finance instruments, which would attract sustainability-focused funds.

– Capacity building:

Regulators, institutional investors, corporate managers, and even journalists must be trained to understand and uphold best practices. Partnerships with ASEAN peers or multilateral agencies can accelerate this.

– Incentives for institutional participation:

Tax incentives for pension funds investing in listed equities, or priority IPO allocations for long-term investors, can help kickstart the cycle.

A moment to seize

It’s telling that despite the market’s current limitations, optimism remains high among Cambodia’s financial insiders. They see the long game. They understand that Vietnam’s transformation from a handful of listed companies to over 1,500 took decades—and the same can happen here.

The private sector must heed the Prime Minister’s call. The domestic wealth is there, accumulated through decades of family businesses, real estate, and more recently, manufacturing exports. It needs a channel—one that supports long-term growth rather than merely the next property flip.

In parallel, regulators must continue tightening standards while avoiding overreach that discourages listings. Investors—both retail and institutional—must deepen their financial literacy, understanding that markets are not casinos but mechanisms for efficiently allocating capital to productive enterprises.

Conclusion: from hope to reality

Today, Cambodia’s capital market stands small, fragile, and under the radar of most global funds. But it is also a market with enormous latent potential. With continued reforms, the nurturing of domestic institutional investors, and a genuine embrace of governance and transparency, the CSX can evolve into a credible platform for long-term investment.

This transformation will not happen by itself. It demands vision from policymakers, conviction from domestic investors, and discipline from regulators and listed companies. The time to plant these seeds is now—because building an institutional market isn’t about this quarter or even this year. It’s about laying a foundation for the next generation.

As Andrew Sullivan aptly puts it:

“No successful capital market was built overnight. But every major market you admire today started with a few believers who said, ‘We’re going to do this right.’ Cambodia has that chance right now.”

With vision, commitment, and a shared belief in the country’s potential, Cambodia can unlock not just its path to institutional investment, but to a more resilient, inclusive, and prosperous financial future.

If you found this story insightful, share your thoughts below. What role do you think Cambodia’s private sector should play in shaping the capital market? Are there specific industries or investment products you’d like to see grow? Join the conversation and help chart Cambodia’s financial destiny.

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🚀 Why Cambodia’s Leap into Industry 4.0 Could Be Its Biggest Economic Breakthrough Yet?

Cambodia is on the cusp of something extraordinary. As the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) sweeps across the globe — powered by artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and digital connectivity — Cambodia is positioning itself not just to participate, but to leap ahead. For business owners, investors, and entrepreneurs, this moment is more than a headline. It’s an open invitation to help shape the future of a nation ready to transform.

📈 Industry 4.0: More Than Just a Buzzword

The term Industry 4.0 is not just tech jargon — it describes a profound shift in the way economies work. Unlike previous industrial revolutions that unfolded over decades or even centuries, the fourth is moving at lightning speed. It blends the physical, digital, and biological worlds, transforming factories, hospitals, farms, cities, and even the way we interact daily.

As economist Darin Duch told Khmer Times:

“As the world economy evolves with digital technologies, automation, artificial intelligence and advanced manufacturing, Cambodia understands the importance of adopting these advancements in order to continue to grow.”

For Cambodia, this means moving beyond the familiar pillars of garments, tourism, agriculture, and construction — and boldly stepping into areas like fintech, digital services, renewable energy, and advanced manufacturing.

🌏 Why Cambodia’s Timing Couldn’t Be Better?

Cambodia’s embrace of Industry 4.0 is not accidental; it aligns seamlessly with its vision to become an upper-middle-income country by 2030 and a high-income country by 2050. The Digital Economy and Society Policy Framework 2021–2035 lays out this ambition clearly, seeking to harness digital technology to diversify the economy, create high-quality jobs, and improve public services.

Read more: Is Your YouTube Channel Safe from the New AI and Repetitive Content Ban?

A study by the Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI) highlighted two vital opportunities:

“First, technological trends will help move Cambodia towards a knowledge-based economy. With almost two-thirds of the population under 30, a large proportion of the potential workforce will have grown up with digital technologies.

Second, the development of technology infrastructure will be a crucial determinant of Cambodia’s future industrial diversification, productivity growth and competitiveness.”

In short, Cambodia is young, eager, and increasingly tech-savvy — a near-perfect demographic recipe for Industry 4.0 success.

🤖 Facing Automation: The Big Question on Everyone’s Mind

Of course, no transformation is without risks. Automation and smart manufacturing can displace workers, particularly in sectors like garments, where Cambodia has long held a competitive edge due to low labor costs.

Daniel Schmücking, in his paper ‘The Risks of Industry 4.0 on Cambodia’s Garment Sector,’ warned:

“For many companies in the garment sector, automation is imminent. In a survey, more than 60 percent of apparel companies believed that automation, and not labour cost, will be the major drive for sourcing decisions before 2025.”

The International Labour Organisation echoed these concerns, estimating that 88% of jobs in Cambodia’s garment sector are at high risk of automation, potentially impacting nearly half a million workers. Broader studies suggest that 57% of all Cambodian jobs are vulnerable.

💡 Learning from Asia’s Automation Champions

But there’s a silver lining. Other countries have faced similar challenges and navigated them successfully. Investors like K G Mohandas, who operates across Cambodia and Bangladesh, shared a hopeful perspective:

“Bangladesh is a perfect example… Among the Asian nations, they are pioneers in automation, and they have done it with comparatively fewer job losses. The transition window for complete automation will be at least between 10 and 12 years, and there is ample time to implement perfect policies.”

China’s story is even more striking. It paired automation with massive investments in e-commerce, renewable energy, and tech-driven services, absorbing millions into new sectors. This is precisely the kind of strategic balancing act Cambodia is starting to pursue.

🧑‍🎓 Building the Workforce of the Future

Cambodia’s real ace is its commitment to people. From technical training to digital literacy, education is front and center in the 4IR plan. The Cambodia Skill Development Programme – 1.5M TVET initiative, for instance, aims to provide free technical and vocational training to 1.5 million young people from low-income families.

Read more: How Are AI-Generated Images Tricking You Into Fake Charity Donations?

A CDRI report stressed this even further:

“Training in STEM, industrial development and entrepreneurship is indispensable… Skills such as complex problem solving, critical thinking, creativity, people management, and cognitive flexibility are even more needed in AI-based production systems.”

Vipin Valsan, an IT specialist in Phnom Penh, summed it up perfectly:

“The country should focus on developing rich talent in AI, cloud computing, cybersecurity and many other emerging areas, alongside promoting startup ventures in these areas. In future, a country’s real strength will be its tech expertise and knowledge.”

🚀 The Business and Investment Opportunity of a Generation

For entrepreneurs and investors, this isn’t just a policy conversation — it’s a map of opportunity.

The Asian Development Bank predicts that productivity gains from 4IR could add up to $625 billion across ASEAN by 2030, with Cambodia poised to claim a significant slice of this pie. By adopting smart factories, digital services, and AI, Cambodia can leapfrog older industrial models and compete directly in global value chains.

“Technologies like robotics and AI can improve safety in dangerous work environments and enhance the overall quality of life for citizens. 4IR can create new markets and business models, potentially leading to economic diversification and growth,” the ADB noted.

⚡ Challenges? Yes. But Missing This Bus Is Not an Option

Cambodia still faces hurdles: infrastructure gaps, regulatory frameworks that need refinement, and the looming fear of automation’s impact on jobs. But the cost of standing still is far greater.

Industry 4.0 is driving new sources of value across smart products, smart factories, smart supply chains, and smart delivery systems. As Cambodia positions itself to integrate these advances, it unlocks doors to accelerated product development, higher quality standards, more efficient capital use, environmental benefits, and faster decision-making.

The UNDP recently observed that Cambodia’s 2030 and 2050 visions hinge on successfully adopting new technologies to diversify and upgrade the economy. It’s as much about future-proofing as it is about immediate growth.

🌱 The Bottom Line: Cambodia Is Open for Future Business

So what lies in store for Cambodia as it embraces Industry 4.0? A remarkable opportunity for inclusive, innovation-driven growth. The Kingdom’s forward-looking policies, young population, and eagerness to learn and adapt make it one of Southeast Asia’s most intriguing emerging stories.

Read more: How AI is Transforming Access to Finance in Cambodia?

For entrepreneurs, investors, and business owners, the message is clear: Cambodia is not just catching up; it’s aiming to lead.

This is the moment to be part of Cambodia’s biggest economic leap yet.

Is Cambodia’s push into Industry 4.0 a game-changer for your business or investment plans? Share your thoughts and let’s explore how this revolution could transform your industry.

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Will AI and Repetitive Content Ban Make It Harder to Make Money on YouTube? What You Need to Know.

A huge shift is about to hit the YouTube creator landscape — and for many Cambodian YouTubers hoping to turn their passion into income, this could be a turning point. According to Gulf News, Starting July 15, 2025, YouTube is rolling out stricter monetisation rules, explicitly cracking down on mass-produced, repetitive, and low-effort AI-generated content.

This isn’t just another small policy tweak. It’s a direct message from YouTube to creators everywhere, including those in Cambodia: originality, authenticity, and real human creativity are now more critical than ever.

So what exactly is changing? Why is YouTube doing this now? And most importantly, how can Cambodian content creators prepare so they don’t lose their hard-earned ad revenue? Let’s break it down in simple terms.

Why is YouTube tightening monetisation rules now?

For years, YouTube has struggled with balancing the vast amount of content uploaded every minute with the quality standards that keep viewers (and advertisers) happy. In Cambodia, where more and more people — from students in Phnom Penh to farmers in Battambang — are jumping onto YouTube hoping to earn some extra income, the lure of quick, automated content has grown strong.

YouTube’s new move is a reaction to the explosion of:

• Copy-paste videos that simply reuse someone else’s content with minor tweaks (like adding background music or speeding it up).
• AI-generated “spam” that floods feeds with robotic voices or slideshows, lacking any personal touch.
• Shorts and templated clips that repeat the same style or format without providing new value.

YouTube said that while original, authentic content has always been the standard for joining and staying in the YouTube Partner Program (YPP), these new guidelines are meant to tackle what ‘inauthentic’ looks like today.

Also read: How Do the Rich People Make Money in Cambodia?

It’s also a move to protect advertiser trust. Businesses want their ads appearing next to meaningful, quality videos — not next to low-effort, repetitive spam.

What exactly is changing?

Here’s a clearer look at what YouTube will be watching out for starting July 15:

1. Minimal edits to other people’s content

If you’re just downloading other creators’ clips, cropping them slightly, or adding background music — that’s not enough anymore. You’ll need to transform the content in a meaningful way.

2. Highly repetitive content

Channels that upload very similar videos over and over, especially in Shorts, or follow rigid templates just to grab views, will be under scrutiny. YouTube wants videos that serve a clear purpose — to entertain, educate, or inspire — not just fill up the algorithm.

3. Low-effort AI videos

This is huge. While AI itself is not banned, if your channel relies heavily on AI voices, avatars, or scripts without much human involvement, it risks losing monetisation. In Cambodia, where many startups or young creators experiment with AI voiceovers or text-to-video tools, this will mean a rethink.

4. Clickbait or spam-like uploads

Channels that promise something in the thumbnail or title but deliver almost nothing of substance will also be flagged. This includes misleading reaction channels or “faceless” videos that give little commentary or insight.

Who will be most affected?

Not every Cambodian creator needs to worry. If you’re putting real effort, your own thoughts, personality, and creative editing into your videos, this could actually help you, because it means less competition from low-quality mass uploads.

Also read: Can I Make Money in Cambodia While I’m Sleeping?

However, these groups will be hit hardest:

• Content aggregators: Channels that simply collect funny clips, TikToks, or Facebook videos with barely any changes.
• Automated AI channels: If you’re producing dozens of videos with robotic narration and generic visuals each week, prepare for a shake-up.
• Faceless reaction or slideshow channels: Without a strong human voice or commentary, these might fail YouTube’s authenticity checks.
• Templated spam: If your channel is stuffed with near-identical Shorts or “countdown” slideshows that add no new value.

What should Cambodian YouTubers do to prepare?

Whether you’re a university student in Siem Reap making reaction videos, a business owner in Phnom Penh using YouTube to promote products, or a teacher in Kampot sharing tutorials, here are practical ways to safeguard your channel:

Prioritise human input and personal style

• Use your own voice, face, and personality. It doesn’t have to be super polished; authenticity matters more than fancy cameras.
• If you’re shy, consider at least doing voice commentary or using a consistent style that clearly shows you made this.

Transform any reused content

• Don’t just replay other people’s clips. Pause, analyse, give opinions, teach something new, or weave it into a story.
• Example: Instead of reposting a trending TikTok, break it down — explain what makes it funny, share your reaction, or relate it to Cambodian culture.

Use AI wisely

• Let AI help with ideas or rough drafts, but put your own creative stamp on it.
• If you use AI voices, combine them with your own commentary or insights. Always be transparent.

Engage your viewers

• Respond to comments, do community posts, and build a loyal audience. YouTube notices channels that foster real engagement.
• Try making a series, like “Cooking Khmer food every Sunday” or “Weekly reviews of new phones in Cambodia.”

Review your old videos

• If you have older content that’s repetitive or borderline spam, consider making it private or improving it. This reduces the risk of YouTube demonetising your whole channel.

What will happen after July 15?

Starting from July 15, YouTube will begin actively scanning channels using AI systems plus human reviewers. They might:

• Demonetise individual videos that break the rules.
• Suspend your YPP membership, cutting off your ad revenue until you fix the problems.
• In extreme cases, terminate your channel if you repeatedly violate the policy.

Here’s Response to creator questions about YPP policies (July 2025)

Hi creators,

We’ve seen confusion around a minor YPP update coming July 15 and wanted to share more information and answer top questions we’ve seen.

What’s changing on July 15?

To be clear, we’re not introducing a new YPP policy. This is a minor update to our long-standing “repetitious content” guideline. We regularly update and evolve our policies based on the content on YouTube, and this update is to clarify that this policy includes content that is mass-produced or repetitive, which is content viewers often consider spam. This content has always been ineligible for monetization, as we’ve always required content to be original and authentic for YPP. We are also renaming this policy from “repetitious content” to “inauthentic content”. These guidelines apply regardless of how the content was made.

Does this relate to Reused Content?

There are no changes to our reused content policies which guide commentary, clips, compilation, and reaction content. This content can continue to monetize if you’ve added significant original commentary, modifications, or educational or entertainment value to the original video. Our monetization policies with more examples are shared in our Help Center here. 

Will using AI in my content be a violation of “inauthentic content”? 

We welcome creators using AI tools to enhance their storytelling, and channels that use AI in their content remain eligible to monetize. All channels must follow our monetization policies and creators are required to disclose when their realistic content is altered or synthetic. More info on how to disclose altered or synthetic content in our Help Center.

Can you give some examples of what is considered “mass-produced” content?

A few examples of “mass-produced” content may include:

• A channel that uploads narrated stories with only superficial differences between them 
• A channel that uploads slideshows that all have the same narration

This list is not exhaustive, so be sure to continue to review your content against our monetization policies.

– Sarah (TeamYouTube)

Details

Monetization on YouTube

You will be able to appeal, but you’ll need to prove your content is genuinely original and adds value.

A special note for Cambodia’s growing YouTube scene

Cambodia’s YouTube space has boomed in the last few years. From local vloggers showing off village life, to small businesses running sales streams, to educators teaching English or tech, this new policy could actually be good news. It means genuine, hardworking creators have a better chance to stand out, while spam channels get cleared out.

Also read: Want to Make Money Online? Learn These Essential Skills!

As long as your content highlights your personal or local stories, shows creativity, or helps people learn — you’ll likely thrive under these new rules.

In short…

✅ Be original.
✅ Add your unique voice.
✅ Use AI as a tool, not a replacement.
✅ Focus on real value and community.

🎥 So Cambodian creators, are you ready?
What are you most worried about with these new rules? Or do you think it will actually help your channel grow? Share your thoughts in the comments below — let’s help each other succeed on YouTube together!

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Beware: AI-Generated Charity Scams – How Fraudsters Exploit Your Kindness.

In today’s fast-evolving digital landscape, technology brings us incredible benefits: we can connect with loved ones around the globe in seconds, shop for anything without leaving our homes, and even donate to people in need with just a few clicks. But alongside these conveniences lurks a darker reality—one where scammers exploit your compassion, armed with powerful new tools like artificial intelligence (AI) to deceive and defraud.

Recently, Cambodia has witnessed a troubling rise in online scams targeting charitable donations, where fraudsters use AI-generated images and stories to tug at your heartstrings—and empty your wallet.

A tragic story that wasn’t real

It all began with a widely shared set of images on Facebook. One showed a small boy clutching his younger brother. Another claimed to be of their recently deceased mother. The posts were written with heartbreaking language, pleading for donations to help these newly orphaned children. Moved by what seemed like raw tragedy, hundreds of social media users quickly shared the story, urging their networks to contribute.

But there was just one problem: none of it was true.

Cambodia’s Anti-Cyber Crime Department investigated and found that the pictures were not genuine photographs at all—they were AI-generated images, fabricated to mimic real suffering. The story of the mother who had died, leaving two helpless boys behind, was entirely made up.

Also read: How to Protect Yourself from Deepfake Fraud: A Case Study from Cambodia

Even worse, the scammers attached QR codes and e-wallet numbers to their posts, hoping to lure well-meaning people into transferring money directly into their hands.

The many faces of AI deception

The investigation uncovered more troubling details. The same fraudulent network operated a Facebook page named “Khmer Khmer,” which had also posted another equally emotional appeal: this time, claiming a grief-stricken wife could not afford a coffin for her recently deceased husband. Again, the post was paired with heart-wrenching images—also generated by AI.

The Anti-Cyber Crime Department warned the public:

“This scam uses AI technology to create images of orphans and attaches them to QR codes to receive money from unsuspecting donors.”

They also found that the account was spreading false information about fundraising efforts for people supposedly stranded at the Cambodian-Thai border. Authorities have promised further investigations and possible legal action against those responsible.

But even if this particular scam is stopped, it’s just the tip of the iceberg.

The rise of AI in scams

Artificial intelligence is astonishing. It can create breathtaking art, compose realistic human-like voices, and generate entire images or videos that seem indistinguishable from reality. One such tool, Deepfake technology, allows anyone to swap faces or manipulate video clips to make people appear to say or do things they never did.

Generative AI can also conjure entirely new faces—portraits of people who don’t even exist, yet look convincingly real. It can place them in carefully designed settings: a grieving family outside a rundown hut, a tearful child holding a wilted flower by a fresh grave, or a tired mother with sunken eyes, clutching a malnourished baby.

Also read: How AI is Transforming Access to Finance in Cambodia?

For scammers, these tools are a goldmine. They no longer need to steal photos from real victims (which was already cruel enough); they can invent tragedies from scratch, complete with faces that can’t be reverse searched or traced back to any living person.

These AI tools can be operated by almost anyone with a smartphone. They’re cheap, fast, and accessible—making it easier than ever for malicious actors to spin up countless fake stories.

Real Case Study – AI Scammer Arrested

On the evening of July 8, 2025, under the direct supervision of Major General Huot Sothy, Commissioner of the Siem Reap Police Station, and with procedural coordination by His Excellency Meas Chanpiseth, Prosecutor of the Siem Reap Provincial Court, the Anti-Technology Crime Bureau and the Sotornikom District Police Inspectorate collaborated with the Anti-Technology Crime Department to arrest Hong Phea. Hong Phea, a 30-year-old resident of Laeng Baek Village in Sotornikom District, was apprehended for committing fraud through social media by operating multiple Facebook accounts, including “Khmer Khmer,” “Hong Phea,” “Me Siem Reap,” and “Ah Su.”

The investigation revealed that throughout 2025, Hong Phea used these accounts to post emotionally charged, AI-generated images of orphans, disabled people, and soldiers supposedly in urgent need of assistance. His intention was to exploit the compassion of unsuspecting donors, convincing them to send money to his ACLEDA and ABA bank accounts via QR codes. During questioning, Hong Phea confessed to receiving roughly 2 million riel from these fraudulent schemes, which he admitted to using for personal expenses. Following his confession, the Special Bureau of the Siem Reap Police Department sent the case to the Siem Reap Provincial Court for legal proceedings.

This case highlights a growing concern as AI-generated images become increasingly realistic, making it harder for the public to differentiate between genuine and fabricated appeals for help. The Siem Reap Province Police Chief has urged all citizens to exercise caution and avoid donating to online campaigns without verifying their legitimacy to prevent falling victim to such scams.

Why we fall for it?

Most people want to help others. When we see images of suffering children or families in distress, it triggers an almost automatic sense of empathy. Scammers know this—and exploit it.

Psychologists say that vivid stories and pictures have a powerful effect on human decision-making. You might not feel moved to donate if someone simply says, “Many families are hungry.” But show a single picture of a crying child with a short, emotional caption, and suddenly your heart—and your wallet—open up.

Also read: How to Protect Yourself from Scammers Offering Fake Jobs in Cambodia

Scammers are well aware of this human tendency. They rely on speed and volume: by pushing hundreds of these posts across Facebook, Telegram, and TikTok, they count on catching enough people off-guard to make the scheme profitable.

The hidden dangers beyond lost money

While losing money to fraud is bad enough, these scams carry deeper consequences.

1. Real charities suffer. When donors are tricked by fake campaigns, they become more suspicious of all future appeals. Legitimate organizations trying to help children, build schools, or provide medical aid may receive fewer donations.
2. Scammers get emboldened. Every successful scam encourages criminals to try again, often with more sophisticated tactics.
3. Victims of real tragedies might be overlooked. As people grow weary of constant online fundraisers, genuine cases struggle to get attention.
4. It fuels the growth of cybercrime networks. The money you send might not just go to an individual scammer—it could help fund larger criminal operations that traffic in drugs, people, or worse.

How to protect yourself and your generosity

The good news is that with a little caution, you can still support people in need while avoiding scams. Here’s how:

1. Verify the campaign

Before donating, check if the story is reported by reputable local news outlets or recognized NGOs. Real charities often register with government agencies and provide official receipts.

2. Look at the profile

Is the account new, with only a handful of followers and posts? Does it share mostly emotional content asking for money? These are warning signs.

3. Reverse image search

Use tools like Google Images or TinEye to check if the photos have appeared elsewhere. Many scam posts recycle pictures from unrelated incidents or AI generators.

4. Beware of pressure

Scammers often urge immediate donations: “We need help by tonight or this child will starve!” Genuine charities rarely operate under such extreme last-minute ultimatums.

5. Use secure donation platforms

Reputable NGOs usually accept donations via official websites with secure payment gateways. Be cautious if asked to send money through personal QR codes, e-wallets, or direct bank transfers to unknown individuals.

6. Educate friends and family

Share articles like this or official police warnings to help your community stay alert. Many victims are elderly or less tech-savvy and may not recognize these modern tactics.

7. Report suspicious activity

If you spot a questionable post on Facebook or another platform, report it. You can also inform local authorities like Cambodia’s Anti-Cyber Crime Department.

The larger fight against digital deception

As Cambodia grows more connected, with millions relying on smartphones for daily news and social interactions, the challenge of digital fraud only grows. Authorities are stepping up efforts to crack down on online scams—by monitoring suspicious accounts, working with tech companies, and even considering new regulations around deepfake content.

Meanwhile, global tech giants are under pressure to create better safeguards. Some platforms have started adding watermarks to AI-generated images or warning labels on suspected deepfakes. But these measures are still evolving and often fail to catch sophisticated fakes.

Ultimately, it will take a mix of technology, law enforcement, and public awareness to keep our online spaces safe.

A call to kindness—tempered with caution

None of this means we should stop giving to charity. Cambodia, like many countries, has communities that desperately need help—from children requiring life-saving medical treatment to families rebuilding after natural disasters.

Your generosity can truly change lives. But it’s more important than ever to channel that generosity wisely. Support well-known local organizations, volunteer your time, or help spread verified fundraising campaigns.

And if a story seems designed purely to make you cry and pay immediately—pause, check, and think twice.

💬 What do you think?

Have you ever come across a suspicious charity appeal online? How do you decide which causes to trust? Share your experiences or tips in the comments. Let’s help each other stay safe—while still helping those who truly need us.

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A Story from Cambodia That Touched Millions

There are stories that simply warm your heart. Then there are stories that reach into the deepest parts of your soul and stir something profoundly human — reminding us about love, loyalty, and compassion beyond words. The story of Try Sithen and his elephant Lucky, from Phnom Tamao Wildlife Rescue Center in Cambodia, is one such story.

It’s a tale that recently went viral on social media, with millions watching a tender yet heartbreaking moment: an elephant named Lucky running emotionally after her longtime caretaker Try Sithen, as he rode away on his motorbike, waving goodbye.

For many, it was just a video. For those who knew the backstory, it was a 30-year journey of dedication, trust, and a love that crossed the boundary between man and beast.

The Man Behind the Story: Try Sithen

Try Sithen is no ordinary wildlife caretaker. For nearly three decades, he devoted his life to caring for animals at Phnom Tamao. But one elephant, in particular, became almost like his own child — Lucky.

When Lucky first arrived at Phnom Tamao in 1999, she was just a six-month-old calf. Found orphaned and alone in the jungle, she had little chance of survival. The task of raising this baby elephant fell to Sithen. It was no simple job; baby elephants, like human infants, require constant care.

For two long years, Sithen never left her side — not even to visit his own family. He bottle-fed Lucky every two hours, took her into the forest to explore and learn which leaves were good to eat, and slept overnight in a hammock beside her. Through sun and rain, laughter and tears, their bond grew unbreakable.

Lucky: From Orphan to Artist

Today, Lucky is an adult elephant who shares her enclosure with Chhouk, a young male elephant who tragically lost his foot to a snare and now wears a prosthetic shoe. Yet despite new friendships, Lucky’s heart belongs to Sithen. Every morning, before Sithen even begins his other work, he greets Lucky. If he doesn’t, she gets jealous.

Read more: What are the most common pets and animals in Cambodia?

Over the years, Lucky also became something of a celebrity. In 2003, Sithen taught her to paint — not through force or fear, but through positive reinforcement. Each brushstroke earned her a treat of bananas or carrots, which she happily accepted. Whether she paints is always her choice. This little bit of artistic freedom is more than just entertainment; it’s mental enrichment that keeps Lucky stimulated and happy.

Sales of Lucky’s paintings now help support not only her own care but that of over 1,300 rescued animals at Phnom Tamao.

The Viral Goodbye

So why did Try Sithen leave?

Reports suggest there were internal issues within the organization. What we know for certain is that Sithen, after dedicating his life to these animals, felt forced to leave. The now-viral video shows Lucky chasing after Sithen’s motorbike, her trunk reaching out, visibly distressed.

The viral story spread on social media, with users creating images of him and related artworks as shown below.

Watching Lucky run after the only father she’s ever known, eyes wide and ears flapping in confusion and sorrow, broke millions of hearts. Sithen’s own eyes filled with tears. In an interview, he said:

“Can you imagine if there’s a difficult situation of our beloved animal and we have to leave them, like the elephant? Our eyes will definitely drop tears.”

It was not just a goodbye. It was a plea — from both a man and an elephant who could not understand why their bond had to be severed.

A Hopeful Turn: Cambodia’s Agriculture Minister Steps In

This story might have ended in tragedy. But it seems love and compassion are more powerful. On July 3, Cambodia’s Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries announced that Agriculture Minister Dith Tina would meet with Sithen to help resolve the situation.

This raised hopes that Sithen could return to Phnom Tamao and continue his life’s work alongside Lucky. Many across Cambodia and beyond are rooting for this reunion. Because some bonds simply shouldn’t be broken.

Read more: What is the most dangerous animal in Cambodia?

What Can We Learn from Try Sithen and Lucky?

There are so many lessons wrapped up in this poignant story:

🌱 Commitment is love in action. Sithen sacrificed years of his life, even family visits, to raise an orphaned elephant. In a world often driven by quick gains and personal comfort, his dedication shines as a rare gem.

🐘 Animals have deep emotions. Lucky’s desperate chase after Sithen proves elephants grieve, worry, and love. They remember kindness. They miss those they trust.

🎨 Conservation needs creativity. Through Lucky’s art, Phnom Tamao found new ways to fund the care of over 1,300 rescued animals. It’s a beautiful testament to innovation born out of necessity.

❤️ Kindness does not require cruelty. Unlike many elephant camps that rely on harsh training, Sithen raised Lucky with affection and positive reinforcement. Their story proves that you don’t need to break an elephant’s spirit to build a relationship.

🌏 Wildlife matters. Behind every elephant painting sold, every viral video shared, there are bigger issues: illegal wildlife trade, deforestation, and the urgent need to protect habitats. Lucky’s story puts a face — and a waving trunk — on these global challenges.

How Can We Protect Bonds Like This?

• Support ethical wildlife centers. Buy art like Lucky’s, donate, or simply share their stories.
• Reject animal tourism that exploits creatures. If you see elephants performing tricks under duress, understand that cruelty often lurks behind the scenes.
• Speak up. Public outcry helped draw attention to Sithen and Lucky’s story. Your voice matters.
• Educate yourself and others. The more we understand animals’ emotional worlds, the more we’ll work to protect them.

More Than a Viral Moment

The video of Lucky running after Sithen is more than just content for likes and shares. It’s a glimpse into a decades-long story of loyalty, sacrifice, and the incredible capacity for connection between species.

We can only hope that when Sithen meets with the Agriculture Minister, this love story will continue — not just for Lucky and Sithen, but as a symbol of the kind of compassionate world we should all strive to build.

Watched the story on Facebook:

https://www.facebook.com/Measchandalinlakamo/videos/1088546686506798

https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1452857636140304

https://www.facebook.com/watch?v=1061399542209318

💬 What do you think about the story of Try Sithen and Lucky? Does it change the way you see animals and caretakers? Share your thoughts below!

✅ If you’d like to help, you can support Lucky and other rescued animals by purchasing her unique artwork or learning more at Phnom Tamao’s official pages.

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In June 2025, Cambodia was rocked by a shocking example of the dark side of artificial intelligence: a deepfake video that used advanced AI to impersonate Senate President Hun Sen, falsely claiming he was raising money to start a war with Thailand. It was a reminder not only of how quickly misinformation can spread but also of how dangerous deepfake fraud has become for individuals, governments, and international relations alike.

This incident offers a powerful case study for everyone whether you live in Cambodia, Thailand, or anywhere else on why it’s critical to learn how to identify and protect yourself from deepfake fraud. In this blog post, we’ll break down what happened, why it matters, and most importantly, give you practical steps to shield yourself and your family from being deceived by AI-generated fakes.

The Cambodian Deepfake Case: What Happened?

Let’s start by revisiting this extraordinary case.

Also read: Why Do Scammers Like Using Telegram to Scam Online?

The deepfake video that shook Cambodia

In late June 2025, a 29-second video began circulating on TikTok and Facebook. It appeared to show Hun Sen, Cambodia former prime minister and now President of the Senate, speaking directly to the camera. In a calm, matter-of-fact tone, the video’s voice said:

“Hello, I am Hun Sen. I am raising funds to build a military force to fight Thailand. Please transfer 300 baht via TrueMoney, and I will immediately return 50,000 baht to you once we win the war.”

Afterward, a female AI-generated voice chimed in:

“If you send money to Uncle, you will get 50,000 baht in return, okay?”

The footage was deceptively real. It used actual video from a public meeting Hun Sen held on June 27 with civil servants in Preah Vihear province. Someone had stripped out the original audio and used AI voice synthesis to overlay fake Thai-language speech, making it seem like the Cambodian leader was calling for donations to launch an armed conflict.

The fallout: anger, fear, and diplomatic risks

The Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (MPTC) wasted no time. In a sharply worded statement, it condemned the video as:

“malicious disinformation and a serious misconduct that must not be tolerated on any digital or social media platforms.”

The ministry stressed that this was more than a prank: it was a criminal act designed to mislead, inflame nationalist tensions, and possibly incite violence. Cambodian authorities revealed that the audio was created by a Thai national, underscoring the cross-border dimensions of digital disinformation.

“This is a clear attempt to exploit artificial intelligence to deceive, defame, and incite,” the MPTC declared.

Hun Sen himself shared the original clip on his Facebook page, showing what he actually said. Meanwhile, the fake versions were spreading quickly on TikTok, gaining thousands of views.

The wider concern: stoking nationalism, harming workers

The Cambodian Centre for Independent Media’s Executive Director, Chhan Sokunthea, offered an important warning:

“The inciting content created by creators in both countries can cause racial hatred and discrimination between the two peoples. It not only disrupts the two governments’ efforts in peaceful negotiation but also creates risk for many Cambodian migrant workers who are working in Thailand.”

It’s a chilling example of how a short, AI-manipulated video can threaten not just reputations but also diplomatic relations and the livelihoods of ordinary people.

Also read: How to Protect Yourself from Scammers Offering Fake Jobs in Cambodia

Why deepfake fraud is growing and so dangerous?

This case might seem extreme, but unfortunately, deepfake fraud is no longer a rare or remote threat. It’s part of a global surge in the use of synthetic media for scams, defamation, and political manipulation.

What exactly is a deepfake?

A deepfake is a video, audio, or even text generated or altered by artificial intelligence to convincingly mimic someone’s likeness or voice. It often uses a technology called “deep learning,” which trains on large data sets (for example, hours of someone’s speeches) to reproduce their facial movements or speech patterns.

These fakes can be incredibly realistic. And because of powerful software tools that anyone can now download, almost anyone with moderate tech skills can create them.

From global scams to local heartbreak

In many countries, deepfakes have been used for financial scams, revenge, and even fake kidnappings. For example:

• Fake voice calls: Criminals in China and India have cloned the voices of parents to call children and demand ransom money for a fake kidnapping.
• Impersonating CEOs: In Europe and the US, fraudsters have used deepfake audio to trick company accountants into wiring hundreds of thousands of dollars.
• Scams in Southeast Asia: Scammers have already begun using AI to fake the voices of Khmer, Thai, and Vietnamese family members asking for emergency cash.

How can you protect yourself from deepfake scams?

Given the pace of AI, the reality is that deepfakes are going to become even more convincing and common. But you don’t have to be defenseless. Here’s how you—and your family—can protect yourselves.

Read more: How Did a Scammer Steal $7,000 by Pretending to Be EDC?

1. Always verify from independent, official sources

If you see a shocking video or hear an unbelievable story—especially one asking for money—take a deep breath and do your own checks before reacting.

Look for official statements.
When the Hun Sen video went viral, the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications quickly issued a formal statement. Likewise, reputable news sites like Khmer Times, Phnom Penh Post, and even the official Facebook page of Hun Sen posted clarifications.

Use reverse image and video searches.
Tools like Google Lens or TinEye allow you to see where else an image or video appears online. If you find the same video with different audio or from a trustworthy source explaining it’s fake, you’ve likely caught a deepfake.

Directly contact the person or organization.
If you get a voice message supposedly from your mother or your boss asking for money urgently, call them back on a known number. Criminals rely on your panic.

2. Look (and listen) for glitches

Most deepfakes—even sophisticated ones—still have small telltale flaws. Watch carefully for:

Mouth movements that don’t sync perfectly with words.
Especially in complex speech with emotional tones, AI often struggles.

Uneven lighting or blurry edges around faces.
Deepfake software sometimes has trouble matching shadows and textures.

Strange pauses, robotic or unnatural intonation.
AI voice cloning is improving, but it often still sounds flat or oddly paced.

3. Strengthen your digital hygiene

A huge reason deepfakes spread is because people share sensational content without thinking.

Pause before you share.
Ask yourself: Who posted this originally? What evidence backs it up? Could it harm someone if it’s false?

Educate your family.
Especially elders or young people who may trust anything they see online. Share simple rules like:

“If it seems shocking or urgent, double-check with an official page or by calling.”

Report suspicious content.
On Facebook, TikTok, or YouTube, use the “report” feature for misinformation. This helps platforms remove harmful deepfakes.

4. Use multi-step verification for money transfers

Deepfake scams often revolve around money. Protect yourself by making it harder for criminals.

Read more: How to Protect Yourself from Scammers Offering Fake Jobs in Cambodia

Never send money just from a voice or text.
Always confirm by video call or in-person.

For businesses:
Require at least two people to approve any bank transfer above a certain amount. This “four eyes principle” can stop fraud even if someone is fooled by a fake voice.

Turn on transaction alerts.
This helps you spot unauthorized activity immediately.

5. Support stronger policies and media literacy

Hun Sen’s deepfake story shows why this isn’t just an individual problem. As Chhan Sokunthea noted:

“The inciting content created by creators in both countries can cause racial hatred… disrupt peaceful negotiation… and create risk for many Cambodian migrant workers.”

It’s why Cambodia’s government is pushing social media platforms to take down such content swiftly and to trace the creators. You can support:

• Media literacy programs in schools and villages.
• Policies requiring clear labelling of AI-generated content.
• Regional cooperation between Cambodia, Thailand, and other ASEAN states to track cross-border disinformation.

Cambodia’s call for digital responsibility

In its statement, the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications put it well:

“Digital responsibility is a shared duty. Together, we must protect the integrity of our information space.”

This means individuals like you, companies like Meta (Facebook), ByteDance (TikTok), and regional governments all have a role to play. By learning how deepfakes work, being cautious with what we share, and insisting on accountability from platforms, we can collectively make it harder for bad actors to exploit AI.

Bringing it back home: why it matters for you and your family

Whether you’re a student scrolling TikTok, a small shop owner using Facebook to take orders, or a migrant worker sending money home via TrueMoney or Wing, the lessons from this case are personal.

Read more: UNDP Anti-Scam Handbook: Why are digital scams on the rise, and what can be done to stop them?

Imagine how quickly your own community could be disrupted if someone made a deepfake video of your village chief saying to stop paying debts, or your local teacher calling for donations to fight Vietnam or Thailand. Not only could it destroy trust—it could even lead to violence or financial ruin.

That’s why protecting yourself isn’t paranoid. It’s smart, and it’s part of being a responsible member of your digital community.

Building a culture of verification

The Hun Sen deepfake was more than a momentary scandal—it’s a glimpse of what the future could hold if we don’t learn to protect ourselves. But there’s good news: by combining traditional common sense with some modern tech habits, we can make it much harder for scammers and manipulators to succeed.

✅ Always double-check shocking claims with official or independent sources.
✅ Learn to spot visual and audio flaws that signal a deepfake.
✅ Be cautious about sharing sensational content without evidence.
✅ Never send money just from a call or message—confirm by video or in person.
✅ Encourage schools, community groups, and even local pagodas to teach media literacy.

As Cambodia navigates delicate issues like border negotiations and works to safeguard millions of citizens who depend on peace and stability, tackling deepfake fraud is not just an individual necessity—it’s a national priority.

So next time a shocking video pops up on your feed, take a second look. Your critical thinking might be the best defense you—and your country—have.

Want to learn more?

• You can see Hun Sen’s own post of the original, unedited video here: Facebook link.
• Or explore the fake versions still circulating on TikTok to train your eye on spotting AI manipulation:
  • TikTok example 1
  • TikTok example 2

What do you think?
Have you or someone you know encountered a suspicious video or voice call? How did you handle it? Share your stories in the comments below—so we can all learn and stay safer together.

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The question whether Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand will return home to better jobs and livelihood remains uncertain amid escalating tensions. Workers who returned to their hometown told Kiripost they still prefer to be in Thailand on the basis of better livelihood instead of prioritising security and safety. Meanwhile, analysts fear a shortage of suitable work for returning migrants during an economic slowdown.

Scores of Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand have returned home but worry about their future and the lack of high salary jobs, like the ones they held in Thailand, preferring instead to work there although conditions are not safe now, as they can save more money to support their children’s education.

According to them, they live better in Thailand because they can earn higher wages due to additional benefits, such as overtime pay of $2 to $6 per day, and lower daily living expenses, as transportation to and from their factory is free.

Labour and migrant worker analysts are concerned that Cambodian migrant workers, who return from Thailand, will struggle due to lower job opportunities with high salary as the garment sector faces pressure from US tariff and global economic slowdown.

Recall that Senate President Hun Sen urged migrant workers to return amid border tensions on June 16. “The government accepts all workers who are documented and undocumented. As long as they are Khmer people, we will allow our citizens to return home. Do not let them [Thais] insult or hurt you because racism against Cambodian workers is heating up,” he said.

Concerns of insufficient work

Khun Tharo, Programme Manager for the Centre for Alliance of Labour and Human Rights (CENTRAL), said the job market in Cambodia is “not resilient” to absorb the return of Cambodian migrant workers from Thailand yet. In addition, the outcome of the US tariff negotiations is uncertain, so the future of the workforce remains a blur.

“Regarding the call to migrant workers to return to Cambodia, I notice the government is not yet ready to welcome the workers because the economic situation is still weak,” he said.

“There are labour shortages in the textile, travel goods and footwear industries, with new factories opening recently; this could attract some labour​ since these factories need workers.”

But, he is concerned that the outcome of the tariff negotiations might affect the economy as the garment and textile sectors, which are the main job creation areas in Cambodia, are facing an uncertain future.

Yang Sophorn, President of the Cambodian Alliance of Trade Unions (CATU), said migrant workers may return to lower salaries than in Thailand if they cannot find the same skill or work they are used to doing there.

She added that the garment sector does not have high job vacancies now like it did in the past due to economic issues, including the US tariff and global conflicts. “The [textile] industry will face further challenges in the future,” Sophorn opined.

Tharo echoed her sentiments, saying that there will be a shortage of better salaried jobs for migrant workers due to the economy and unstable employment market.

“The economic situation and challenges faced by those returning are related to extra expenditure, especially those who had jobs in Thailand with a consistent income. It is difficult for them to make decisions.

“There is [no] guarantee of finding other work or work with an income comparable to Thailand,” he said, questioning the future of these workers. “Thus, this case needs to be evaluated because there is no guarantee. If they decide to quit their work [in Thailand], can they get a suitable salary when they return?”

Lower wage barrier of returning home

Low wages in Cambodia compared to Thailand, economic pressure and debts are challenges that might discourage Cambodian workers to return home even though they are concerned about their safety, Tharo remarked.

According to him, the average minimum daily wages in Thailand by region and provinces, ranges from 337 to 400 baht (approximately $10.22 to $12.13). Therefore, they can earn approximately $307 to $364 a month based on current exchange rates. Thailand recently raised the minimum wage to 400 baht, Tharo said.

The Thai minimum wage is based on the cost of living that varies between regions and provinces in the country, according to the Notification of the Wage Committee on Minimum Wage Rate (No. 13) issued by Thailand’s Ministry of Labour.

In Cambodia, the minimum wage rose to $208 in the garment sector, which fell short of the demand of union workers and inflationary pressures, Phean Sophoan, National Director of Oxfam in Cambodia told Kiripost in a previous interview about the gap of poverty in Cambodia.

Vorn Pov, President of the Independent Association of Informal Economics, said the call to Cambodian migrant workers to return and work here is a “good gesture” and a sign of a responsible government which looks after the safety of citizens.

“In some industries in Cambodia, there are plenty of vacancies but whether the salary can help workers have a good living or not depends on their circumstances,” he said, contending that he is unsure if they can get a good salary under current conditions.

“However, it is a good opportunity for the Cambodian government to show their capability to find more opportunities for the migrant workers to get a good salary so that they don’t go back to Thailand anymore.”

Livelihood First, Safety Later

Chom Navit, 31, a female Cambodian migrant worker in Banteay Meanchey, told Kiripost last Thursday that she and her husband came back from Thailand for their own safety due to the border tensions, and to renew their visa.

Even though, Navit and her husband, Ly Sokhy, 39, are worried about the conflict and were discriminated by Thais at their workplace, she still preferred to work in Thailand and will return after her visa is renewed.

“We came back to renew our visa. If we don’t have a visa in Thailand, we will be arrested and jailed. We can continue to live there like normal with a visa,” Sokhy told Kiripost via telephone. He added that he and his wife are staying in their house in Banteay Meachey with their two children and old parents.

Sokhy and his wife have lived in Thailand for about three years and work in a car assembly plant.

He said the Thai police normally come to check migrant Cambodian workers at their living quarters to see if they have a proper visa to work in Thailand. If they have valid visas, they can stay and continue working there. Those without, will be arrested and risk being jailed. They would need to ask their employer to bail them.

“We worry about [the Thailand-Cambodia conflict] when we read the news on Facebook. Workers have been arrested where we work, so we also feel threatened,” he said, recalling feeling anxious during his time in Thailand as the conflict escalated between the two nations.

“Our work is not like how it was previously, because Thai people are starting to discriminate against us. Some workplaces are starting to not respect us like before,” Sokhy added.

“Before the conflict, we worked with them like normal but there is discrimination now. If there are many Cambodian workers, they talk to us like normal. But if there are only a few Cambodian workers and more Thai workers, they will discriminate against us.”

In addition, the Thai police have actively started checking on Cambodian workers in relation to their visas. Sokhy has also been frequently questioned as to when he will leave Thailand.

The story is firstly published on Kiripost

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